Plant Description

Common Name(s):	Wild Sweet Pea
Scientific Name:	Lathyrus vestitus
Family:	Fabaceae (Legume)
Plant Type:	Perennial Vine
Size:	1 to 3 meters
Habitat:	Chaparral, Oak Woodlands
Blooms:	March to August
Fire Response:	Germinate from Seed

Lathyrus vestitus, commonly called Wild Sweet Pea, is a member of the Fabaceae (pea family). This plant is considered endemic - a native, that grows only in California. Wild Sweet Pea can be found in chaparral and Oak woodlands at elevations ranging from sea level to 1,500 meters. I saw these specimens in Upper Sycamore Canyon. The leaves of this plant are quite similar to Spring Vetch (Vicia americana). Once this plant gets established, the chaparral pea rarely sprouts from seed instead it is likely to send up new stems from roots growing outward from the mother plant. It forms low, dense, thorny thickets of shiny dark green leaves. In spring and early summer the plant blooms in bright Pink to Lavender flowers as well as produces pods containing pea-like seeds. Bumblebees pollinate the flowers. Butterflies visit the flowers for their nectar, but do not pollinate. Some types of beetles and caterpillars as well as some herbivores feed on the leaves. Apparently the seeds are quite poisonous if eaten in large quantities.

This plant plays an important role in the chaparral community - particularly recently burned areas; its roots spread quickly and help anchor loose soil, preventing erosion. As a legume, Wild Pea and its nitrogen-fixing ability helps it thrive in rocky, sandy soil. Nitrogen fixing involves taking in Nitrogen gas, storing it in the roots and then releasing the nitrogen into the soil as the plant decomposes.

This plant typically flowers from March to August. The shape of these flowers remind me of hummingbirds - see picture #1. Some technical words about the leaf and flowers: Lathyrus latifolius has winged hairless stems, and alternating blue green compound leaves consisting of a single pair of leaflets and a winged petiole about 2 inches long. The leaflets are narrowly ovate or oblong-ovate, smooth along the margins, hairless and up to 3 inches long and 1 inch across. There are branched tendrils between the leaflets. Short racemes of 4 to 11 flowers are produced from the axils of the leaves. The flowers, which are unscented, are about ¾ to 1 inch across with a typical structure for Peas, with an upper standard and lower keel, enclosed by lateral petals. There are 5 petals, which are purplish pink, fading with age. There is a green calyx with 5 teeth, often unequal. At some point the flowers are replaced by hairless flattened seedpods, about 2 inch long and ½ inch wide, with several seeds inside. The seedpod, which is initially green, gradually turns brown, splitting open into curled segments, flinging out the seeds. The seeds are dark and oblong to sort of kidney-shaped.

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Name Origin: Lath'yrus: from the Greek lathyros, an old name for "pea". vesti'ta/vesti'tum/vesti'tus: covered, clothed, usually with hairs
Found on CalFlora.net a wonderful site for native plant information.

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Wild Sweet Pea - Originally featured: March 2015
Last modified: October 06 2020 10:02:34.

References:

Wildflowers of the Santa Monica Mountains, by Milt McAuley
Flowering Plants: The Santa Monica Mountains, Coastal and Chaparral Regions of Southern California, by Nancy Dale
Chumash Ethnobotany: Plant Knowledge Among the Chumash People.., by Jan Timbrook

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